Data centers and transmission networks have made advances in energy efficiency in recent years, but with the rising adoption of data-intensive applications such as AI, cloud computing, cryptocurrency mining, and blockchain, the industry will need new technologies and solutions to achieve net zero emissions. Data centers consumed an estimated 240-340 terawatt hours (TWh) of electricity globally in 2022, while data transmission networks consumed 260-360 TWh. Since 2010, energy consumption from data centers (excluding cryptocurrency mining) has increased moderately despite strong growth in demand for their services, due to improvements to the efficiency of IT hardware and cooling systems, a transition to hyper-scale facilities, and the prioritization of renewable energy. Governments and industry players need to invest in advancing energy efficiency, research and development, and the use of waste heat from data centers to help supply heating to nearby buildings.
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