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This article discusses the prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer, which increases with age and is higher in females. Factors such as iodine deficiency and metabolic syndrome have been linked to the prevalence of nodules. A significant number of nodules are asymptomatic, even in patients referred for surgery. Incidental nodules are often detected through imaging techniques. Thyroid carcinoma is commonly diagnosed in individuals without any thyroid-related symptoms.