Generalization — A Key Challenge For Responsible Ai In Patient-facing Clinical Applications

The use of machine learning models in healthcare poses challenges in terms of generalization and fairness, particularly in the case of breast cancer where biological men are underrepresented in clinical datasets. While excluding men from using these algorithms may safeguard them from unreliable predictions, it raises ethical concerns about fairness and equal access to advanced treatments. A potential solution is to selectively deploy these algorithms for responsible and effective use.