Landscape And Future Directions Of Machine Learning Applications In Closed-loop Brain Stimulation

Brain stimulation (BStim) is an effective treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and other neurological conditions. This review summarizes the current state of machine learning (ML) techniques applied for the development of closed-loop BStim systems to treat epilepsy, movement disorders, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Reactive neurostimulation (RNS) systems have been approved by the FDA to target foci with aberrant electrical activity, and have demonstrated a median reduction in seizure frequency of 75%.