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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of research that dates back to antiquity, but as a scientific discipline, it has a relatively short history. AI began with the concept of artificial beings with intelligence, and was officially born at a conference at Dartmouth College in 1956. The 1970s saw the idea of expert systems, while the 1980s saw a revival of interest and funding, leading to the rise of machine learning with algorithms such as decision trees, clustering, and reinforcement learning. On July 27, 1987, AI startup Quintus Computer Systems was founded, and Prolog was introduced, which brought forth the concept of logic programming and was most pertinent to developing expert systems and natural language systems.
