This Special Issue aims to present the research achievements of new theories and methods of image and video processing based on deep learning. Deep neural networks, such as deep belief network, deep autoencoder, convolutional neural network (CNN), and transformer, have proved capable of extracting complex statistical features and efficiently learning their representations, allowing them to perform well across a wide variety of computer vision tasks. Topics of interest include image classification, image restoration/enhancement, video interpretation and understanding, and so on. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline and accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal.