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Crohn’s disease (CD) is a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by periods of remission and relapse. The rise in CD incidence is attributed to changes in lifestyle and environmental factors. The pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and immune system dysregulation, particularly in macrophages. The balance between pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages is disrupted in CD.