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Physician-investigators at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) compared a chatbot’s probabilistic reasoning to that of human clinicians. The findings suggest that artificial intelligence could serve as useful clinical decision support tools for physicians. The study was based on a previously published national survey of more than 550 practitioners performing probabilistic reasoning on five medical cases. The chatbot was tasked with estimating the likelihood of a given diagnosis based on patients’ presentation and updating its estimates when test results were positive or negative. The chatbot demonstrated more accuracy in making diagnoses than humans when tests came back negative.